limnology

Krycklan Catchment Study

Location

64° 14' 31.9992" N, 19° 44' 30.282" E
Brief Site Description: 
Field research infrastructural for studies on forest, soils, streams, lakes and mires in the boreal landscape
Detailed Site Description: 

Krycklan Catchment Study (KCS) is the most instrumented and well-studied meso-scale catchment in the boreal region. The 70 km2 KCS builds on three decades of catchment science that grew up around the Svartberget field station and is currently one of the most ambitious projects integrating water quality, hydrology, and aquatic ecology in running waters in the north. At present, KCS includes 18 intensively instrumented and continuously monitored sub-catchments, an extensive soil sampling program, comprehensive lake carbon-balance studies, several long-term field experiments, and a large set of ancillary data. To date, close to 20,000 stream and soil water samples have been collected (with duplicate sample archived in freezer) and analyzed providing approximately 10 million unique water chemistry observations. At the center of the catchment the 150 m ICOS (pan-European Integrated Carbon Observatory System) research tower is placed for measuring exchange of energy, water and carbon that will allow for one of the best assessments of full carbon balance at a landscape scale that presently exists anywhere in the world. At presently over 100 research projects are being conducted involvning several hundered researchers from all over the world. 

Field Site Type: 
International CZO
Registration: 
Unregistered
Network(s): 
None
Study Start Date: 
1979
Mean Annual Precipitation: 
623 millimeters / year
Average Annual Temperature: 
2°C
Average Summer Temperature: 
16°C
Average Winter Temperature: 
-12°C
Land Cover: 
Developed- Low
Evergreen Forest
Mixed Forest
Woody Wetlands
Herbaceous Wetlands
Open Water
Geology: 
other igneous
Soil Order: 
Histosol
Hydrology: Name: 
Svartberget/Krycklan
Hydrology: Surface water stream order: 
First Order
Second Order
Third Order
Fourth Order
Hydrology: Surface water - Stream Flow Performance: 
Perennial
Hydrology: Groundwater: 
Arrangment of Aquifer Components - Single, dominant unconfined aquifer
Climate: 
Boreal
Sub-Climate: 
Subhumid

North Temperate Lakes LTER

Location

46° 0' 44.64" N, 89° 40' 19.2" W
Brief Site Description: 
North Temperate Lakes LTER, Wisconsin
Detailed Site Description: 

North Temperate Lakes LTER

Research Topics:
Physical, chemical and biological limnology; hydrology and geochemistry; paleolimnology; climate forcing; producer and consumer ecology; ecology of invasions; ecosystem variability; landscape ecology; lake, landscape and human interactions. 

Description:
Lakes are conspicuous, ecologically-important, and socially-valued components of landscapes. Lakes collect water, energy, solutes and pollutants from the land and atmosphere, provide habitats and resources for organisms, and interact with diverse human activities. The North Temperate Lakes Long-Term Ecological Research program aims to understand the ecology of lakes in relation to relevant atmospheric, geochemical, landscape and human processes. Our overarching research question is “How do biophysical setting, climate, and changing land use and cover interact to shape lake characteristics and dynamics over time (past, present, future)?” 

History:
The North Temperate Lakes Long-Term Ecological Research (NTL-LTER) program was established in 1981. Over the past 20 years we have designed and implemented a comprehensive study of seven lakes in a forested landscape within the Northern Highland Lake District in northern Wisconsin, and since 1994, an additional four lakes in the agricultural and urban catchments in southern Wisconsin. We have increased our understanding of long-term dynamics of lakes at spatial scales ranging from small sites within lakes to the northern hemisphere. 

Field Site Type: 
US affiliate
Registration: 
Unregistered
Network(s): 
LTER
WEBB
Study Start Date: 
1981
Mean Annual Precipitation: 
811 millimeters / year
Average Annual Temperature: 
5°C
Average Summer Temperature: 
20°C
Average Winter Temperature: 
-12°C
Land Cover: 
Deciduous Forest
Open Water
Geology: 
unconsolidated materials
other igneous
Soil Order: 
Histosol
Hydrology: Name: 
Big Spring Creek
Hydrology: Surface water stream order: 
Second Order
Hydrology: Surface water - Stream Flow Performance: 
Perennial
Hydrology: Groundwater: 
Arrangment of Aquifer Components - Single, dominant unconfined aquifer
Climate: 
Temperate
Sub-Climate: 
Humid
Group visibility: 
Public - accessible to all site users