Critical Zone Exploration Network

During the 80´s about twenty sites were selected representing various biotopes all over Sweden, from southern deciduous woodland via coniferous forest to open mire, lake and alpine heath. Their sizes ranged from a few to well over one thousand hectares. The deposition of air pollutants, mainly sulphur and nitrogen, is greatest in the southwest. Therefore most of the sites were situated there. During the period 1982 till about 1994 these sites were monitored. Beginning in the mid 90´s, new sites were established characterized by clear hydrological delimitation, small size, homogeneous coniferous forest, no lakes and with as little mire area as possible. Four such sites were accepted, situated in different zones of the air pollution gradient.

Continent: Europe